Prevalence of ocular hyperopia and associated factors among patients receiving eye care services at Jinja regional referral hospital. A cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Background:

Hyperopia is a common refractive error where distant objects are seen more clearly than near ones. Its prevalence varies across age groups, with higher rates among children and older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of ocular hyperopia among patients receiving eye care services at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital.

 Methodology:

A descriptive cross-sectional approach with a sample of 40 patients, data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed to determine the frequency, demographic influences, risk factors, and management approaches for hyperopia using Microsoft Excel.

 Results:

Indicated a high prevalence rate of people with hyperopia more common among patients aged 16 – 30years, 16(40%), and prevalence being more in the female gender, 24(60%), than the male 16(40%). 27(67.5%) of hyperopic cases were from rural areas, highlighting potential socioeconomic and accessibility barriers. Family history emerged as a significant risk factor, with 26(65%) of hyperopic patients reporting relatives with the condition, underscoring genetic predisposition. Outdoor activities were common among patients, yet did not appear to reduce the prevalence of hyperopia significantly. 26(65%) of patients relied on prescription eyeglasses, while only 5(12.5%) used contact lenses and 3(7.5%) opted for refractive surgery, likely due to economic constraints and limited access to advanced treatments.

 Conclusion:

This study indicated a high prevalence of hyperopia among patients at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, with significant associations to demographic and genetic factors.

 Recommendations:

Implementation of regular eye screening programs, especially in rural areas, to facilitate early detection of hyperopia among those with limited access to health care.